C, C++

Martin Richards developed a high-level computer language called BCPL in the year 1967. The intention was to develop a language for writing an operating system (OS). As you know an OS is software which controls the various processes in a computer system.

This language was later improved by Ken Thompson and he gave it a new name B. The basic ideas about some topics such as arrays, etc., which were later inherited by C were developed in BCPL and B. In those days, the development of computers was in infancy. One of the serious constraints experienced while developing the language B was the small computer memory available at that time.

There are many "languages" like, for example C, Fortran, PASCAL etc., that help us to convert an algorithm in to something that a computer can understand. We will focus here only on C programming So. let us start looking at how do we create a "C program". We can read a string using the %s conversion specification in the scanf function.

However, it has a limitation that the strings entered cannot contain spaces and tabs. To overcome this problem, the C standard library provides the gets function. It allows us to read a line of characters (including spaces and tabs) until the newline character is entered, i. e., the Enter key is pressed. A call to this function takes the following form:

When you start a C + + program, you should aware about the header files in C++. The very first header files in C+ + is iostream.h. At first we should include this header file in our program. The keywords of C++ language are defined in this file. That means while including this file only your program can understand the keywords in you program.

Variables are the small memory space to store the inputs. Basic types of variables are: char: To store characters int : To store numbers and integers float :to store numbers with decimal Each variable has a specific address in the memory.

The declaration of variable is an important step. Variable declaration can be done inside the main () or out side it. The variable may be local and global based on its place of declaration. Syntax for declaration of variable: Type of variable space name of variable int num; char reply; float weight;