OM comprises of two words i.e. Office and Management. The dictionary meaning of ‘Office’ is a place where the business is carried out. Kapur, 2018 depicts office as a nervous system of every operation of an organisation.
OM comprises of two words i.e. Office and Management. The dictionary meaning of ‘Office’ is a place where the business is carried out. Kapur, 2018 depicts office as a nervous system of every operation of an organisation.
‘Management’ comes from French word ‘manège’ meaning to guide (Denyer, 1959). Figure 1 depicts the essence of OM. The elements of OM are personnel, means, environment and purpose (Ghosh, 1983).
Denyer, 1959 describes OM as the best use of personnel by utilizing most appropriate means, in a most conducive & suitable environment to achieve a specified purpose.
OM encompasses all the functions of general management i.e. planning, organizing, staffing, directing, communicating, coordinating, controlling and motivating (Chopra & Gauri, 2015 and Hicks & Place, 1962).
OM is a very important discipline, as well as competency for every organisation to achieve the desired outcome in a most efficient and effective manner. For government officials, OM competency is vital to ensure public service delivery in accordance with the ‘Felt Need’ of citizens.
OM is a vast discipline and OM competencies must embrace multitude of domains. Batty, 1972 describes centralization versus decentralization, span of control, delegation, management information etc as the broader issues of OM.
Chopra & Gauri, 2015 describes basic functions of OM as receiving, recording, arranging and giving information. Figure 2 describes OM as a system which comprises of varied discipline of management highlighting their inter dependence.
Aim
The aim of this paper is to bring out the importance of OM and its relevance in future CBTs to enhance functional efficiency and effectiveness to ensure citizen centric governance.
Scope
OM as a discipline is vital for various types of organisations/office e.g. Government, Corporate Sector, Legal, Medical etc. The paper examines the application of OM for the government organisations only.
OM is a vast discipline covering the routine functional aspects to operations and strategy formulation. The paper covers the OM at conceptual level and its relevance in future CBTs to enhance functional efficiency and effectiveness of governance.
Conceptual Background
OM is essential for efficient and effective implementation of government policies and delivery of public services. It has evolved considerably during the recent years due to advent of technology and economic growth. Therefore, OM is a vital competency for public servants or government officials to ensure the following:-
To enable all civil servants to discharge their responsibilities to the society in an efficient and effective manner.
To execute the ‘Strategy for New India @ 75’ as enunciated by Niti Aayog in accordance with the clarion call of Hon’ble Prime Minister to establish a New India by 2022.
To formulate policies in a competent manner, plan the operations intelligently, monitor the execution pro-actively, evaluate the outcomes without any kind of delay to determine the effectiveness of the plans.
To implement all the major functions and activities of various ministries and departments in a well-organized and coordinated manner without any time and cost overruns.
Public Administration has always implied Government when ‘public’ actually means community or people. In the post-colonial, post-independence paradigm of the early 1950s, Public Administration really meant providing service to the people by the State apparatus using the ground rules of justice, ethics and fair-play.
This was the intention of the visionary Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru when he established the Indian Institute of Public Administration on March 29, 1954 based on the recommendations of a survey carried out in 1953 by Prof. Paul H. Appleby, Dean, Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs, Syracuse University and a Consultant with the Ford Foundation invited to advice on the subject, by the Government of India.
As the Institute’s first President for a decade, Prime Minister Nehru placed great emphasis on ‘de-colonialising’ the mind-set of administration, making it more people-oriented.
He placed a great responsibility on the IIPA to enhance the frontiers of knowledge in public policy and governance through applied research and education as well as training of administrators to serve the people of India.
Enhancing leadership and managerial qualities on the one hand and developing a service-orientation on the other are the thrust areas of the Institute’s education and training activities.
Its faculty is involved with research work mainly to simplify procedures and suggest policy changes to ensure improved delivery of public services.
Indian Institute of Public Administration was created under the Societies Act of 1860.The Institute was formally inaugurated by the first Prime Minister of India, as the first President of the Society, on March 29,1954 in New Delhi.
The Institute has been set up to equip the public servants with domain knowledge, functional skills, and behavioural competencies required for managing the task of governance.
The institute provides technical skills of management, human skills for coordination roles and conceptual skills for taking up leadership roles in public policy planning and execution .
In its effort to enhance the leadership, managerial, and administrative capabilities of the executives in government and public sector enterprises, the Institute works in close collaboration with national and international organisations.
Good public governance is about a system where there is accountability, transparency, impartiality, fairness and integrity. The institutions of governance have to perform their designated roles.
It is important that quality public services are delivered to the citizens, which is the ultimate goal of good governance. There is no denying the fact that there is a need for greater result and outcome orientation in the government system. Bureaucratic reforms are an essential component of governance reforms.
The major activities of the Institute are: Training, Research, Advisory and Consultancy services, and Information dissemination and exchange.
The rising bottom up expectations of the citizenry, complexities of management and the current issues relating to economic restructuring and ensuring the measure of stability and progress at all levels have created pressure for improvements in the training methodology for enhancing professional capability through training programmes.
The Institute, needless to emphasis, is alive to the developments taking place in the area of training technology at the global level and the policy changes at the national level.
This perspective plan for training of the Institute is a manifest evidence of the Institute’s concern for efficient and effective training in Public Administration.
Vision: Inspiring Excellence In Governance
Building upon the vision of its founding fathers, Indian Institute of Public Administration (IIPA) aims to be one of the world’s leading academic centres of thought and influence on public governance, policies and implementation so that public governance systems are more responsive to human needs and aspirations and aligned with human values.
To create an enabling environment for the development and management of human resources of the government for efficient ,effective accountable responsive transparent & ethical governance
Mission
Indian Institute of Public Administration will: Constantly enhance its relationships with governments and advance its research on public governance; organise training and education courses/programmes, seminars/conferences/workshops, and public lectures/discussions for the sharing of knowledge between practitioners and academicians; engage in consultancy for the generation and application of knowledge: publish a newsletter and journal, research papers and books in print and electronic media for the wider dissemination of knowledge, activation of public interest and participation in the study and improvement of public governance, policies and implementation.
Expand the membership of the Institute and stimulate the creation and functioning of Local and Regional Branches, nationally and internationally; facilitate the interactivity and networking of people who share the Institutes interests and catalyze their productive contribution; increase cooperation, collaboration, partnerships and strategic alliances with other leading national and international organisations and institutions for the purpose of study and improvement of public governance, policies and implementation.
Set an example of excellence in public governance by encouraging the development of a humanistic, democratic and collegial environment in the Institute and all its organs and the creation of a learning culture that values freedom of thought, inquiry, expression, sharing, innovation, teamwork and dissent and respects the unique professional genius of each individual and by developing and utilising distinctive strengths, foster a quality of individuality, teamwork and organisation with exemplary standards of competence, integrity, transparency and trust wherein each person experiences a sense of personal worth, importance and self-esteem;
uphold the Rule of Law and be equitable, ethical and just in its functioning and relationships with all stakeholders; and, do such other lawful things as are conducive to the fulfilment of the above aims, values and vision.
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