Russian

Russian is one of the chiefly spoken native languages in Europe and Asia as it is native language of 142 million citizens of Russian Federation, the sizeable country in the world.

Beyond the current geographical area of Russia, this Slavic language is spoken in innumerable countries of the former USSR including countries like Armenia, Azerbaijan, Byelorussia, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and UkraineRussian shares intense similarities with Belorussian and Ukrainian.

With the adoption of Christianity, a new alphabet was proposed– the Cyrillic alphabet. Russian was systematized during the 18th century, and then untangled after the Russian Revolution of 1917.

Russian is spoken by 260 million people globally, including 137 million in Russian. It is the formal language of Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, and a perceived regional language in Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine.

Russian is also a significant the outnumbered language in the Baltic countries and Central Asia, and is still used as a lingua franca in the former Soviet countries. Interesting examples include bolshevik, cosmonaut, mammoth, pogrom, samovar, sputnik, taiga, tsar, ushanka and vodka.

Astronauts have to learn Russian as part of their training and the computer system of the ISS uses both English and Russian. During the Space Race, Russian also determined English.

There are six levels to be complete for gaining a strong command over the specific language. The Modules are as follows:

A1 (TEU: elementary level). 

• Minimum level of knowledge of the Russian language, enough for a limited number of situations in everyday life.

A2 (TBU: basic level). 

• Starting level of knowledge of the Russian language enough to communicate in a limited number of everyday situations. This is the minimum level for operating any professional activity for a limited extent.

B1 (ToRFL-I: the first level). 

• The average level of the Russian language, which allows you to communicate at home, educational and professional fields.

B2 (TORFL-II: the second level).

• Sufficiently high level of knowing Russian language, which is enough for communication in all spheres of activity. This level allows to work in engineering, humanitarian and Natural-scientific areas. The certificate of this level is necessary to obtain a bachelor’s, master’s or specialists degree.

C1 (TORFL -III: third level). 

• With the certificate of this level it is possible to conduct professional activity in Russian as the philologist, the translator, the editor, the journalist, the diplomat, the manager working in Russian-speaking collective.

C2 (TORFL -IV: fourth level). 

• This level is comparable with the native speaker’s level. It is necessary for receiving of the diploma of the master-philologist which grants the right to all types of teaching and research activities in the field of Russian.

These five modules from beginning basic skills of a Language (A1 Level) till the end, gaining a strong command over the language (C2 Level) helps an individual to complete the professional course of specific Language