Human Anatomy And Physiology

This course is an introduction to the study of anatomy and physiology of humans. Cell biology and the biochemistry of cells are examined, and the levels of organization in the human body are studied.

Body systems covered include the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems.Enrollment is usually limited to students in Sport Science programs.

Course Content

1.Structure And Function Of Cells

• Cell membranes and various cytoplasmic and nuclear components
• Preparation of and examination (using a compound microscope) of animal and plant cells
• Major cellular processes and their significance to the cell

2.Introduction To Biochemistry

• The chemistry of water
• The chemistry of  carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids

3.Homeostasis

• -The definition of homeostasis, its importance, and the conditions required to fulfill homeostasis
• -The definitions of internal environment, stress, positive and negative feedback systems, and their roles in homeostasis
• -Examples of homeostatic mechanisms, including positive and negative feedback systems

4.The Organization Of The Human Body Beyond The Cellular Level

• -The structure and function of the four tissue types
• -The major body systems, their major organs, and the general function of each organ
• -Directional terms as they relate to the human body
• -The body cavities and their organs

5.The Integumentary System

• -The identification and description of the components of the epidermis and the dermis
• -Specialized cells, structures, and glands

6.The Skeletal System

• -The basic structure, histology, and components of the human skeleton
• -The structure, physiology, and function of bone
• -The changes in skeletal structure during growth and development (ossification)
• -Articulations (joints) with respect to their structures and types of movement allowed
• -The basic mechanical principles of movement as they relate to joints (biomechanics)

7.The Muscular System

• -The types of movements as a result of skeletal muscle contraction
• -The identification of the principal muscles and muscle groups and their movements
• -The gross anatomy of muscles and microscopic anatomy of muscle tissue
• -The physiology of muscle contraction

8.The Nervous System

• -The structure and function of the parts of the brain, the spinal cord, and major nerves
• -The reflex arc
• -The structure and functioning of the sense organs

Learning Activities

This course involves both classroom instruction and laboratory activities. Classroom work will consist of lectures, tutorials, and work in small groups.

Means Of Assessment

Assessments will be in accordance with the Douglas College Evaluation Policy. The instructor will present a written course outline with specific evaluation criteria at the beginning of the semester. Evaluation will be based on the following:

• Quizzes and Assignments: 15-25%
• Laboratory Assignments and Quizzes: 5-15%
• Laboratory Final Examination: 10-20%
• Term Test(s): 20-40%
• Final Examination: 20-40%
• Total: 100%

Notes:

Laboratory Experiments And Activities

Laboratory work will be assigned each week and must be completed in the week it is assigned. Laboratory experiments and assignments are a compulsory component of this course. 

A minimum of 50% of the laboratory experiments and assignments must be completed to receive a P grade or better in the course.

Learning Outcomes

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to:

• use a compound microscope to describe and identify cell and tissue types in the body;

• describe the basic components of an atom and the properties of ionic and covalent bonds;

• describe the chemistry, properties, and biological significance of water;

• describe the structure and biological significance of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids;

• describe the basic principles of homeostasis and negative feedback systems, providing at least one example of a homeostatic mechanism;

• describe anatomical structures using appropriate terminology;

• specify the locations of various organs and systems;

• describe the components and functions of the integumentary system;

• identify the components of the human skeleton, including the structure and growth of long bones;

• describe the types and range of movements of skeletal articulations;

• describe the basic principles of biomechanics;

• describe the location, structure, and functions of the major muscles of the body;

• describe the gross anatomy of muscles and the microanatomy of muscle tissue;

• describe the physiology of muscle contraction;

• describe the components of the nervous system;

• identify the roles of the major components of the nervous system and associated sensory organs.